Coffee, the world's second-most traded commodity and second-largest beverage drunk, is responsible for various environmental costs in the form of spent coffee grounds (SCGs), a byproduct of the coffee brewing process.

Conversely, construction projects carbon footprints and environmental implications are highly significant. As a result, researchers and enterprises have recently attempted to shift toward green construction approaches. This study provides an overview of using Spent Coffee Grounds as Biochar, a promising green biowaste source, in the civil and construction industries. Based on the literature analysis, it is possible to conclude that Spent Coffee Grounds as biochar have potential usage as aggregates in construction materials across a wide range of civil engineering application.

Research paper (Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering - Structural Engineering)